2020年是全球“生物多样性超级年”，中国将举办“联合国《生物多样性公约》第15次缔约方大会”。
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东北虎 Panthera tigris altaica
摄影：陈建伟
中国是世界上野生动物种类最丰富的国家之一，仅脊椎动物种类就达 6,500 多种，约占全球脊椎动物种类总数的 10%。其中，陆生脊椎动物种类达 2,100 多种。大熊猫、朱鹮、金丝猴、华南虎、扬子鳄等 470 多种陆栖脊椎动物是仅分布于中国的特有物种。其中现有国家一级保护陆生野生动物 98 种、国家二级保护陆生野生动物 308 种，具有重要生态、科学、社会价值的陆生野生动物 1,591 种以及昆虫 120 属所有种等都纳入保护范围。
大熊猫 Ailuropoda melanoleuca
摄影：叶明霞
川金丝猴 Rhinopithecus roxellana
来自：印象中国
麋鹿 Elaphurus davidianus
摄影：杨国美
中国也是全球植物多样性最丰富的国家之一，大约有 35,856 种高等植物，约占世界总数的 10%，居世界第三位。其中石松类及蕨类植物2,129 种，裸子植物 237 种，被子植物 28,996 种等。中国是世界栽培植物的四大起源中心之一，是许多重要农作物和果树资源的原产地；还是世界上园林花卉植物资源最丰富的国家之一，种类超过 7,500 种，拥有温带几乎全部的木本植物属。当前，由于生境丧失和破碎化、资源过度开发利用、环境污染、入侵物种竞争及全球气候变化等因素，中国的植物多样性受到了日益严重的威胁，受到威胁的植物物种约 3,879 种。
云南火焰兰 Renanthera imschootiana
河南石斛 Dendrobium henanense
中国已建立了大量的自然保护地，包括国家公园、自然保护区和自然公园等。其中，国家公园 10 个；自然保护区 2,750 个，占陆域国土面积的 14.86%；自然公园包括 225 个著名景点、1,486 个湿地公园和 3,392 个森林公园。在这些自然保护地范围内，已经有 90% 的植被类型和陆地生态系统得到了有效保护。这些地区为 85% 的野生植物提供了保护，涵盖了 65% 的高等植物群落。
眼斑贝母兰 Coelogyne corymbosa
未来，中国将进一步加强国际合作，与全球生物多样性缔约方一起为建立人类命运共同体与自然和谐的地球而努力。
同色兜兰 Paphiopedilum concolor
The year 2020 is known as a “biodiversity super year”. The Fifteenth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CoP15) will be hosted by China in 2020.
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麻栗坡蝴蝶兰 Phalaenopsis malipoensis
China is one of the most abundant countries based on wild animals and vertebrates with up to 6,500 different species, which is about 10% of the world’s vertebrates, of which approximately 2,100 are terrestrial vertebrates . More than 470 species of terrestrial vertebrates are only distributed in China and belongs to the endemic species, such as Panda, Crested Ibis, Golden monkeys, South China tiger, Yangtze alligator etc. At present, first-grade state protection of terrestrial wild animals has 98 species and Second-grade state protection of terrestrial wild animals has 308 species, 1,591 species of terrestrial animals has important ecological, scientific, social values and 120 genus all species of insects have been protected.
斑羚 Naemorhedus goral
摄影：徐永春
大熊猫 Ailuropoda melanoleuca
来自：中国大熊猫保护研究中心
猎隼 Falco cherrug
摄影：赵建英
普氏原羚 Procapra przewalskii
摄影：吴秀山
China is one of the richest countries in terms of plant diversity with approximately 35,856 high plants species, the third largest plant species in the world, about 10% of the world’s total, having 2,129 species of Lycopodium japonicum and Pteridophyta, 237 species of Gymnosperm, 28,996 species of Angiosperm etc. As one of the fourorigin areas of cultivated plants, China is the country of origin of many important agricultural crops and fruit trees. More than 7,500 species of garden flower plants are cultivated in China, and almost all the genre of temperate woody plants can be found in China. Due to habit loss and fragmentation, pollution, excessive use of natural resources, competitive interactions with invasive species and climate change, the plant diversity in China is increasingly threatened, with an estimated 3,879 plant species being threatened.
球花石斛 Dendrobium thyrsiflorum
紫瓣石斛 Dendrobium parishii
China had built massive Nature Conservation Area which includes of National Parks, Natural Reserves, Natural parks etc. We have 10 National Parks and 2,750 Natural Reserves which account for 14.86% of the territorial areas. Natural park contains 225 renowned scenic spots, 1,486 wetland parks and 3,392 forest parks . Combined these nature reserves, national scenic spots, and forest parks effectively protect 90% of China’s vegetation types and terrestrial ecosystems. These areas provide protection for 85% of wild plants in China, including 65%of the high plant communities.
中华火焰兰 Renanthera citrina
In the future, China needs to further improve its international collaboration, for example China and other Parties of CBD should take concerted efforts to pursue harmonious development between human and nature.
银带虾脊兰 Calanthe argenteostriata
